National Board Dental Hygiene Examination (NBDHE) Dental Hygienist Practice Test

Which vitamin is crucial for collagen synthesis and is essential for periodontal health?

1. Vitamin E

2. Vitamin B12

3. Vitamin C

4. Vitamin D

The correct answer is: Vitamin C

Vitamin C plays a critical role in collagen synthesis, which is essential for maintaining the integrity and health of the periodontal tissues. Collagen is a major component of the extracellular matrix in connective tissues, including the gums and periodontal ligaments. Without adequate vitamin C, the body is unable to form and maintain collagen effectively, which can lead to weakened connective tissues and contribute to periodontal disease. Additionally, vitamin C has antioxidant properties that help protect gum tissues from oxidative stress and inflammation. This dual function—supporting collagen production and reducing inflammation—highlights the importance of vitamin C in periodontal health. Insufficient levels of this vitamin can result in issues such as gingivitis and other forms of periodontal disease, emphasizing its necessity for maintaining healthy gums and surrounding structures. In this context, other vitamins such as vitamin E are primarily known for their antioxidant functions but do not actively participate in collagen synthesis. Vitamin B12 is vital for red blood cell formation and neurological function, but it is not specifically linked to collagen or periodontal health. Similarly, while vitamin D is crucial for bone health and may play a role in periodontal health indirectly, it does not directly contribute to collagen synthesis.